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Module 2 Final Quiz: Data Models & ER Diagrams MCQs

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In classical Chen's ER diagram notation, how are Entities, Attributes, and Relationships graphically represented?

A. Entity: Circle, Attribute: Rectangle, Relationship: Triangle

B. Entity: Rectangle, Attribute: Ellipse (Oval), Relationship: Diamond

C. Entity: Diamond, Attribute: Cloud, Relationship: Square

D. Entity: Square, Attribute: Cylinder, Relationship: Line

What is a Weak Entity in ER modeling?

A. An entity with fewer than 3 attributes

B. An entity set that does not possess a sufficient primary key of its own and depends on an identifying relationship with a strong entity (owner)

C. An entity that has no foreign keys

D. An entity stored on volatile memory

How is a Weak Entity set represented in Chen's ER notation?

A. A dotted circle

B. A Double Rectangle (with an identifying relationship shown as a Double Diamond)

C. A single triangle

D. A shaded octagon

What is a Multi-valued Attribute, and how is it depicted in an ER diagram?

A. An attribute that has multiple names; depicted as a rectangle

B. An attribute that can hold more than one value for a single entity instance (e.g. multiple phone numbers); depicted as a Double Ellipse

C. An attribute derived from other fields; depicted as a dashed ellipse

D. A primary key attribute; depicted with an underline

How is a Derived Attribute represented in an ER diagram?

A. Dashed Ellipse (e.g. Age derived from Date_of_Birth)

B. Double Rectangle

C. Solid Diamond

D. Underlined Oval

What is Cardinality Ratio in a binary relationship?

A. The number of columns in the entity relation

B. The maximum number of relationship instances in which an entity can participate (1:1, 1:N, or M:N)

C. The ratio of primary keys to foreign keys

D. The number of rows divided by table size in megabytes

What is Total Participation (Existence Dependency) in an ER relationship?

A. Every single entity instance in the entity set MUST participate in at least one instance of the relationship (drawn with a Double Line)

B. Only 50% of entity instances participate

C. The relationship has no attributes

D. The table contains no NULL values

When converting a Many-to-Many (M:N) relationship into relational tables, how is it mapped?

A. By adding a foreign key to one of the two participating tables

B. By creating a separate Junction / Associative table containing the primary keys of both entities as composite foreign keys

C. By merging both entities into a single massive table

D. M:N relationships cannot be implemented in relational databases

What is an Identifying Relationship in ER diagrams?

A. A relationship between two primary keys in the same table

B. The relationship that connects a weak entity set to its identifying strong owner entity set

C. A recursive relationship on an employee table

D. A relationship with no cardinalities

In Enhanced ER (EER) modeling, what is Specialization / Generalization?

A. Splitting a table into smaller disk pages

B. Representing inheritance hierarchies where a higher-level generalized entity (e.g. Person) is specialized into sub-entities (e.g. Employee, Customer) with specific attributes

C. Translating SQL queries to relational algebra

D. Creating clustered indices on primary keys

What does the Disjoint constraint mean in EER Specialization?

A. An entity instance can simultaneously belong to multiple subclasses

B. An entity instance can belong to AT MOST ONE subclass (subclasses are mutually exclusive)

C. The subclasses have no primary keys

D. The entity cannot be stored in RAM

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