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Module 5 Final Quiz: The Network Layer MCQs
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1
What is the default subnet mask for a Class C IPv4 address?
A.
255.0.0.0 (/8)
B.
255.255.0.0 (/16)
C.
255.255.255.0 (/24)
D.
255.255.255.255 (/32)
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
2
How many usable host IP addresses are available in a /28 IPv4 subnet?
A.
16 hosts
B.
14 hosts ($2^{32-28} - 2 = 14$)
C.
30 hosts
D.
254 hosts
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
3
What is the purpose of the Time to Live (TTL) field in an IPv4 packet header?
A.
To measure how long the packet took to create
B.
A hop counter decremented by each router to prevent packets from looping endlessly in the network during routing instability
C.
To set the expiration date of an SSL certificate
D.
To limit download speeds
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
4
How many bits are in an IPv6 address compared to an IPv4 address?
A.
32 bits vs 16 bits
B.
64 bits vs 32 bits
C.
128 bits vs 32 bits
D.
256 bits vs 128 bits
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
5
What algorithm does a Link-State routing protocol like OSPF use to calculate the shortest path tree?
A.
Bellman-Ford algorithm
B.
Dijkstra's Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm
C.
Kruskal's algorithm
D.
Binary search
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
6
What severe pathological behavior can occur in Distance Vector routing protocols during link failures?
A.
Memory buffer leaks
B.
The Count-to-Infinity problem (slow convergence where routers bounce metrics back and forth until reaching infinity)
C.
Hardware clock skew
D.
Packet fragmentation overflow
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
7
What is the maximum hop count allowed by the Routing Information Protocol (RIP)?
A.
7 hops
B.
15 hops (16 signifies unreachable)
C.
255 hops
D.
Unlimited hops
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
8
Which routing protocol is used to route packets between different Autonomous Systems across the global Internet backbone?
A.
RIP
B.
OSPF
C.
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
D.
ICMP
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
9
What is Network Address Translation (NAT) primarily used for?
A.
Converting English web URLs to French
B.
Enabling multiple devices on a private local network to share a single public IP address when communicating on the Internet
C.
Translating MAC addresses to Bluetooth IDs
D.
Compressing video streams
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
10
If an IP packet has Total Length = 4000 bytes and MTU of the outgoing link is 1500 bytes, what action must the router perform?
A.
Drop the packet with an error
B.
Fragment the packet into smaller fragments ($le 1500$ bytes each) with appropriate Fragment Offset and More Fragments (MF) flags set
C.
Compress the data payload
D.
Increase the link MTU
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
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