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Module 4 Final Quiz: The Data Link Layer MCQs
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1
What is the primary role of the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) in an Ethernet frame?
A.
To encrypt the payload data with AES
B.
To detect burst bit errors introduced by channel noise during transmission using polynomial division
C.
To compress the frame payload
D.
To assign an IP address
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
2
In Hamming code error correction, how many parity bits are required to encode a 4-bit data word (m=4)?
A.
1 bit
B.
2 bits
C.
3 bits
D.
4 bits
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
3
Why is the Stop-and-Wait protocol highly inefficient on high-latency satellite connections?
A.
Because satellites cannot transmit frames
B.
The sender remains idle during the long Round-Trip Time (RTT) waiting for the ACK of each individual frame, yielding abysmal link utilization
C.
Because frames travel at the speed of sound
D.
Because Stop-and-Wait drops every second frame
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
4
How does the Sliding Window protocol improve link utilization over Stop-and-Wait?
A.
By disabling error checking
B.
By allowing the sender to transmit multiple frames up to the window size before pausing for acknowledgments (pipelining)
C.
By increasing cable thickness
D.
By using smaller frames
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
5
In CSMA/CD, what does a station do immediately when it detects a collision while transmitting?
A.
Continues transmitting as if nothing happened
B.
Immediately aborts transmission, sends a brief high-frequency JAM signal to alert all stations, and backs off for a random time interval
C.
Reboots its operating system
D.
Permanently disconnects from the network
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
6
Why is CSMA/CD used in wired Ethernet but CSMA/CA (Collision Avoidance) used in wireless Wi-Fi (802.11)?
A.
Wi-Fi does not have collisions
B.
In wireless transmission, an antenna's own transmission power overwhelms its receiver, making it nearly impossible to detect a collision while transmitting (Hidden Terminal Problem)
C.
CSMA/CA is faster than CSMA/CD
D.
Ethernet has no physical wires
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
7
What is the standard bit length of an Ethernet MAC address?
A.
32 bits
B.
48 bits (6 bytes)
C.
64 bits
D.
128 bits
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
8
What protocol resolves a known Layer 3 IP address to a physical Layer 2 MAC address on the local network?
A.
DNS
B.
ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
C.
DHCP
D.
ICMP
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
9
What happens in Pure ALOHA when two stations transmit simultaneously?
A.
Both packets are successfully received
B.
A collision occurs, both frames are corrupted, and both stations retransmit after a random delay (max throughput ~18.4%)
C.
The faster station wins
D.
The channel permanently closes
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
10
In Go-Back-N ARQ, if the sender window size is $N$ and frame $k$ is lost in flight, what does the sender do upon timeout?
A.
Retransmits only frame $k$
B.
Retransmits frame $k$ AND ALL subsequent frames in the current window from $k$ onwards
C.
Aborts the connection
D.
Waits indefinitely
Explanation & Key
Correct Answer:
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